The hybrid system intelligently allocates energy based on demand:
Priority Hierarchy:
1. Immediate Consumption: Powers active loads (lights, electronics).
2. Battery Storage: Stores excess energy.
3. Grid Export: Sells surplus via net metering (common in Germany, California).
Battery Performance:
- Depth of Discharge (DoD): Lithium-ion batteries allow 90% DoD (vs. 50% for lead-acid), maximizing usable capacity.
- Cycle Life: 6,000–10,000 cycles (15+ years) with minimal degradation.
Case Study:
A U.S. household with a 10kW system and 20kWh battery can achieve 80–90% energy independence, reducing monthly bills by $150–$300. During outages, the system powers critical loads (e.g., medical devices) for 12–24 hours.
Smart BMS Functions
The proprietary Battery Management System (BMS) is the core of this product, ensuring safety, efficiency, and longevity. Key features include:
1. Short-Circuit Protection
The BMS continuously monitors current flow and instantly disconnects the circuit if a short circuit is detected. This prevents excessive current from damaging the battery cells or causing thermal runaway, a critical safety measure in high-voltage systems.
2. Over-Charging Protection
By tracking real-time voltage and state of charge (SOC), the BMS prevents overcharging. When the battery approaches its maximum voltage threshold, the system reduces charging current or halts charging entirely, safeguarding against electrolyte decomposition and capacity degradation.
3.Over-Discharging Protection
The over-discharging protection in a photovoltaic energy storage all-in-one machine's BMS safeguards batteries by monitoring real-time voltage and State of Charge (SOC). When voltage drops below a preset threshold (e.g., 2.8V for lithium-ion) or SOC reaches critical levels (e.g., <10%), the BMS immediately disconnects the load via MOSFET switches . This prevents irreversible capacity loss, electrode degradation, and safety risks like internal short circuits. Advanced algorithms integrate temperature compensation (adjusting thresholds in low temps) and multi-stage warnings (e.g., power reduction at 15% SOC) ]. Post-protection, the system auto-resumes charging when voltage recovers above 3.0V, ensuring longevity and operational safety.
4. Automatic Insulation Detection
Using high-precision voltage sampling, the BMS assesses insulation resistance between the battery pack and the chassis. If insulation levels drop below safe thresholds (e.g., due to moisture or physical damage), the system issues alerts and initiates protective measures.
5. Low-Temperature Protection
Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to extreme cold. The BMS monitors ambient and battery temperatures, disabling charging when temperatures fall below 0°C to avoid lithium plating—a phenomenon that irreversibly damages battery cells. In heating-enabled models, it activates thermal management systems to maintain optimal operating temperatures (e.g., -20°C–65°C).
6. Pre-Charging Circuit
Before connecting high-power loads, the BMS employs a pre-charging circuit to gradually charge capacitors in the inverter. This minimizes inrush currents, protecting relays and prolonging component lifespan.
7. Low Energy Consumption in Standby
During idle periods, the system enters a low-power mode (<1W), reducing parasitic losses. Advanced algorithms optimize energy use, ensuring minimal self-discharge and extended battery availability.
8.Technical Advantages
- Energy Efficiency: The system achieves >95% round-trip efficiency, enabled by high-performance lithium batteries and MPPT charge controllers.
- Modular Design: Scalable battery capacity (up to 6kWh) and compatibility with hybrid inverters allow customization for diverse household needs.
- Smart Integration: The BMS communicates with PV arrays, inverters, and grid interfaces via CAN or RS485 protocols, enabling real-time energy optimization and remote monitoring through mobile apps.
9.Applications
Ideal for off-grid homes, emergency backup, and peak-shaving applications, this system supports sustainable energy independence while reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Its compact design and quiet operation make it suitable for residential use.